Especially for laptops, notebooks, and tablets.
First, check your sensor services, confirm those are running.
Search for Services app, Windows button + R and then types Services.msc, open Computer Management > expand Services and Applications > click Services.
Once in Services, scroll down to the three (3) sensor services, Sensor Data Service, Sensor Monitoring Service, and Sensor Service. Ensure these are all running and set to Automatic. Or, if they are running, stop the services and set them to Manual. Reboot and see if that helps.
Second, try https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/change-screen-brightness-in-windows-3f67a2f2-5c65-ceca-778b-5858fc007041 The brightness may be set to the sensors for auto adjustment.
Third, if you know the maker and make of the graphics card, search for management software from that manufacturer. I have an AMD GPU and the AMD management software can handle brightness and so much more.
This links contains much everything you tried already, things I mentioned, and some other options. https://www.drivereasy.com/knowledge/brightness-slider-missing/
Last, boot into your BIOS and see if there display or brightness options in there. If you allow Windows to install updates for third-party software, there might have been a BIOS update you were not aware of. This could explain, partly, why a Restore Point did not help. While you are looking around in there, see if your motherboard has an newer firmware updates. So motherboards require each update to be installed in order to be fully up-to-date. Check the README and install instructions before hand.
Let me know if any of this works.
Justin