There are maybe many factors that cause this issue, such as the network, the cache, the unsupported feature from shared files and etc.
Let me see if I understand correctly, this issue occures with a specific file and a particular user account very often.
But I am wondering whether the user opens the file via Excel for web or via Excel clients. Do other Office files be locked by this user?
As threads with tag "office-excel-itpro" focus more on Excel clients, my suggestions more from the viewpoint of Excel.
- Please make suer this user uses a version of Excel that supports co-authoring, such as Excel for Microsoft 365. Or check whether this version of Excel is different with others who do not encounter this issue.
- Then please search "Office Upload Center" and open it > Settings > Check the box of "Delete files from the Office document cache when they are closed" > Delete cached files.
- Besides, open this file via Excel clients > Click Info > Manage Document > Click Check out then Check In, save this file to have a look.
- If nothings helps, please create a new local administrator account to check this issue, this behavior would create a new user profile.
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