Help fixing my .NET framework

Question

I have a problem with my .NET Framework, whenever I run programs like Discord, it gives me this error message:

Clicking "Yes" forwards me to the installation page, which after running the installer, I am told that the .NET framework already exists on my laptop, clicking "No" gives the the same error message again, clicking it a second time gives this message:

When I click "Open Setup Log" , nothing opens, which means I have no idea what is the cause of the problem.

After some random uninstalls (the laptop was getting slow so I decided to remove some programs), I found out this program was the cause:

I have no idea what is this program, but apparently removing it fixed the issue, though after a simple restart or shutdown to the system, I am unable to boot into Windows, and my laptop goes crazy. It first starts running a hardware BIOS check (right after the restart) , and finds no problems. Then, it reboots and shows me a "Preparing Automatic Repair", which fails to find any problems, and then I am given the below screen:

"Continue" repeats the above process without the hardware check, turning off obviously solves nothing, and "Troubleshoot" is my only way out, which forwards me to this screen:

Due to the data on the laptop, I couldn't choose refresh nor resetting, so I went into "Advanced Options":

I tried using the command prompt before, didn't help. Booting into safe mode from here also didn't help, so I chose to System Restore, which fixed the issue but the .NET framework problem is now back, and we're all the way back at the beginning.

Solutions I tried before:

sfc /scannow
DISM checks (Restore-Image, Update-Image)

Reinstalling the framework via Turn Windows Features On or Off

Booting into safe mode doesn't remove the problem

Using third-party uninstallers like Revo-Pro Uninstaller to remove any trace of the program didn't help

Antivirus scans detect nothing (I tried MalwareBytes, Windows Defender, including the offline scan)

My Windows 10 is up-to-date with no updates in need of an install. These are my OS specifications:

Edition Windows 10 Pro

Version 22H2

Installed on ‎6/‎10/‎2023

OS build 19045.4170

Experience Windows Feature Experience Pack 1000.19054.1000.0

Tried the .NET Framework Repair tool, didn't help but it gave me a log:

https://1drv.ms/u/c/b378f40f07bb3bf7/Efc7uwcP9HgggLPjBAAAAAAB0VxTtDPybsKXmOd1Z7rJyg?e=aXnNUp

Same problem also occurs with Visual Studio.

Note: Not all images shown here are directly from my problem, those are images I found on the internet which are really close to what I saw and resemble what I'm talking about, but the first 3 images are from me directly and not from the internet.

I also have no idea where the program is installed, as the "Path" value of it is empty in Control Panel, but the only trace of the program I found was this:

They were installed on the same day, also notice the name "unins000". There was a .DAT file with them too (same date and name), but it got accidentally deleted.

These files also get deleted after the uninstallation. I also noticed the .EXE files runs on my system somehow. For example, this is a picture taken just as I am typing this question, which shows that it is being accessed:

The signature on these programs says something about Wondershare.

I hadn't installed any Wondershare programs, except some data recovery program. I don't know how it injected this program into my laptop, and why it crashes my system when deleted. Any help is hugely appreciated!