Hi Robert,
I'm Hruthik, a student from Microsoft. Re-installing Windows 11 from USB without losing data is quite inevitable. USB installation is designed to Install in such a way that it moves your old data to a folder called "windows.old" or deletes them. Depending upon the option you choose when it prompts.
But there is a way to reinstall Windows 11 while having all the data files and programs.
Open your Windows Settings and Open Windows Update tab.
Click on Advanced Options
Click on Recovery
Click on Reinstall now
As you can see, it is mentioned that your apps, files, and settings will be preserved.
Then follow the instructions of the Windows and go through the steps to reinstall it successfully.
If you have any queries, feel free to ask.
Thank You,
Hruthik