According to the documentation, the value of message-id is unique. A detailed description of this property is as follows:
The "Message-ID:" field provides a unique message identifier that refers to a particular version of a particular message. The uniqueness of the message identifier is guaranteed by the host that generates it (see below). This message identifier is intended to be machine readable and not necessarily meaningful to humans. A message identifier pertains to exactly one instantiation of a particular message; subsequent revisions to the message each receive new message identifiers.
As a supplement, please refer to this official document, which refers to the explanation of the common email header fields: View internet message headers in Outlook
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