@Chned Thanks for posting in our Q&A.
For this requirement, I have done the test in my lab. Here are the details:
-->When my user is enrolled with Standard account on a windows 10 device, I run the following command to elevate my AzureAD user to become a local administrator.
net localgroup administrators /add "AzureAD\UserUpn"
-->Check in Computer Management > Local Users and Groups > Groups > Administrators and find that my AzureAD user is added into Administrator group.
Hope it can help.
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