Hi Sounds Essential,
Thank you for reaching out, Microsoft!
I tried to fetch the email using Graph API with the data that is available in email header and was successfully able to retrieve an email using internetMessageId. Additionally internetMessageId is an unique identifier for an email and return more than one response only when same message is present in more than one folders. Please refer attached screenshot.
Also, to fetch email from particular folder you can use GET /me/mailFolders/{id}/messages. Please refer the below doc for more details:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/api/user-list-messages?view=graph-rest-1.0&tabs=http
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