The vertical left navigation is called app bar in the SharePoint.
You could temporarily disable the SharePoint app bar in the whole tenant (not on specific sites) through PowerShell until March 31, 2023.
As a workaround, inject custom CSS codes by using SPFx web part (modern script editor web part) to hide the SharePoint app bar in a specific communication site. CSS codes like following:
div#sp-appBar {
display: none !important;
}
References:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/viva/connections/sharepoint-app-bar
https://sharepoint.handsontek.net/2022/04/21/remove-modern-sharepoint-app-bar/
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