Hi MeganB,
you already enabled application insight for application logging you can also identify the root cause
you can analysis performance trend in application insights with following key metrics like average response time, CPU usage and failed requests
check the application insights for long running query, slow http requests also cause for high CPU usage
you can also enable application insight profiler for deeper analysis it helps to capture periodic snapshots of code execution during high CPU periods.
Use Live Metrics Stream to Monitor Real-time CPU Usage
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/azure/azure-monitor/app/search-and-transaction-diagnostics-redirect?tabs=transaction-search
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/profiler/profiler
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/app/app-insights-overview
If the answer is helpful, please click Accept Answer and kindly upvote it so that other people who faces similar issue may get benefitted from it.
Let me know if you have any further Queries.