@Scott , From your description, it seems the "set time automatically" is grayed out. Could you if the setting is under Time language as below:
I notice you mentioned that the privacy option and location are declined. Could you confirm if we means the options are hidden in Autopilot profile?
Meanwhile, please also confirm if any policy in the following links are configured in our environment which will cause the setting grayed out
https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/af0272b3-40e4-4d57-900a-4acfe7c8823e/set-time-automatically-option-grayed-out?forum=win10itprogeneral
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/client-management/mdm/policy-csp-timelanguagesettings#timelanguagesettings-configuretimezone
Hope it can help.
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