what can be done to "clean" both the sql server and windows so the node ALa-SQL-01 is not seen anymore
SQL Server is pretty simple, remove the replica from the availability group. In fact, if you haven't already completed this then your log is being held and will continue to grow unabated until it hits the specified limit and your database stop functioning.
The Windows side would be to evict the node from the cluster. You may also have to manually clean up active directory of any computer accounts.
ever since the cluster has only one node.
Then you don't have any high availability, which is a problem if you want HA.