Consider applying access control from unmanaged devices via SharePoint admin center to achieve device restriction.
You can block or limit access from untrusted device by creating device security policies on all users or selected (group of) users in Basic Mobility and Security.
Please note that blocking or limiting access on unmanaged devices relies on Azure AD conditional access policies, and you will need an Azure AD Premium P1 license to use this feature.
For detailed information and tutorials, please refer to the documents below:
Control access from unmanaged devices.
Create device security policies in Basic Mobility and Security
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