Hi,
Is the index broken on one server or all servers?
If only one server affected, run "Get-MailboxDatabaseCopyStatus * | Where {$_.ContentIndexState -eq "Failed"} | Update-MailboxDatabaseCopy -CatalogOnly" to have a fix.
Can you run the following command and post the result:
Get-MailboxDatabaseCopyStatus -Server EX1| fl
What Event is generated in Event Log? You might meet EventID 1010, then follow this KB and see if method 2 works: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/event-id-1010-is-logged-when-no-results-are-returned-during-a-search-on-a-server-that-is-running-exchange-server-2013-9f79b4a7-5d65-cdc7-98fb-34f6640b6c98
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