If you install the Windows Server 2012’s Server Core edition, it is normal that there is only a black screen with CMD option after login, because Server Core edition doesn’t give Graphical User Interface for users.
In order to fix this situation, you can reinstall the Server with GUI edition, which will give us the normal Desktop and Explorer.
Another way, configuring the MinShell to call out a GUI.
https://4sysops.com/archives/server-core-enhancements-in-windows-server-2012/
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