Hello @Turpin, James ,
Thanks for reaching out and sorry for delayed response.
You don't have to create claims provider trust, because when your partner organization own an Azure Active Directory account or a Microsoft Account then you could leverage either of way to achieve your scenario.
In order to allow user from Tenant-B to access Tenant-A's application both methods can be used.
Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) business-to-business (B2B) collaboration is a feature within External Identities that lets you invite guest users to collaborate with your organization. With B2B collaboration, you can securely share your company's applications
Example: If you create a single tenant app, you need to invite users of Company-B to Tenant-A. In this case, Administrator of Tenant-A can take the authorization decisions by selecting which users should and shouldn't be assigned to the application.
To learn more about B2B collaboration: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/external-identities/what-is-b2b
If you're providing an app as a service and you don't want to manage your customers' user accounts, a multitenant app is likely the right choice for you. When you develop applications intended for other Azure AD tenants, you can target users from a single organization (single tenant), or users from any organization that already has an Azure AD tenant (multitenant applications).
Example: If you create a Multi-Tenant App in Company-A and any user from Company-B tries to access that application, user will be prompted with a consent prompt. Once the consent is provided, a service principal corresponding to the app in Tenant-A will be created in Tenant-B. User of Tenant-B will be able to access the application. You can search the service principal under Tenant-B's enterprise applications blade by using the App ID. In this case, Administrator of Tenant-B needs to take authorization decisions by going to the properties of the service principal and set User assignment required to Yes and then assigned required set of users.
To learn more about Multi-Tenant App: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/architecture/multitenant-identity/
You can decide based on what fits the best in your scenario. Hope I have covered all the aspects of your question.
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