Hi Herbert,
Microsoft Product Activation is designed to certify that software products are legitimately licensed. After a significant hardware change such as changing or replacing hard drive or motherboard, reactivating Windows 10 needs to be done. With regard to your query, we recommend that you check this article: Reactivating Windows 10 after a hardware change.The article will provide you with the steps that you need to perform in order to activate Windows 10 to your device after hardware changes. You will also know in the article why you can't reactivate Windows.
If in case you need additional assistance activating Windows on your device, we recommend that you contact our Answer Desk team.
Feel free to post back if you need further assistance.