Hi @超 邓 ,
Kindly refer the below guidance for TLS support in Windows/Exchange. Please note that TLS 1.0 & 1.1 has reached end of support.
If there is any change or misconfiguration in TLS, then yes, there will be an mail flow/client connectivity issues.
Also, kindly "accept as an answer" and close the below thread.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/answers/questions/296141/exchange-2010%E5%92%8Cexchange2016%E5%85%B1%E5%AD%98%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E5%92%A8%E8%AF%A2.html
If the above suggestion helps, please click on "Accept Answer" and upvote it.