@Dr Fox Event viewer for user device registration will show you most of the details about the process at which this is failing. If other devices are able to do a hybrid join successfully, check if there is any difference between the working ones and the non working ones.
Does the non-working follows a different network and is a different place. make sure that the device can access following URLs from internet :
https://enterpriseregistration.windows.net
https://login.microsoftonline.com
https://device.login.microsoftonline.com
Looking at the error message which you provided, it seems its failing in discovery phase and is not able to find the Service connection point for the registration. So you need to make sure that the device is in correct line of sight with DC to fetch all those details over.
If you need any further help, you can drop an email to azcommunity@microsoft.com with subject "Atten - Vipul" We can try to help you offline.