Someone asked a similar question on Stack Overflow and it looks like you can get the employeeID using:
(Get-AzureADUser -ObjectId "******@contoso.com").ExtensionProperty["employeeId"]
There's also an option in this thread that gets the ManagerUPN and exports it to a CSV.
Get-AzureADUserManager will give you the manager of the user. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/azuread/get-azureadusermanager?view=azureadps-2.0