This is for a Windows 10 Home 64-bit Intel computer at version 21H before the reinstall.
It would be nice if I did have an answer but maybe I have more info to add. Weeks ago I had two similar USB logitech or Logitech type cameras. They are both over 5 years old, very possibly 10.
I used the default camera App as well as other camera simple software on occasion and both cameras showed up. I mean the app would let me switch between them easily to select which one was currently showing a video display.
Some update or magic event occurred. The camera app ran and blinked yet would show no actual picture. It still showed 2 select-able cameras. It would switch to the other but it too blinked repeatedly having no picture to display.
The cameras are mounted in really hard to access areas. Even if I could instantly get super new models to prove a point, it doesn't help the true problem. "Used to work recently. Now it doesn't."
No switching ports or isolating a camera got either camera back working.
System Restore was my GOTO for fixing such things. Manually created restore points always drop off over time. Two recent System points showed up but nothing older. Both politely failed to restore at all.
I REALLY use these cameras often and eventually reformatted my C: drive and installed Windows 10 from scratch. The computer is at Windows 10 Home 22H2 OS Build 19045.3803
NOW, one camera (at a time) works so that is a great improvement.
"Device Manager" and System Devices show both of them but indicate they are the same type.
The fact that BOTH cameras show up in the system settings made me believe both should be individually seen by any camera software. Not true.
Either works plugged in alone or if they are both plugged in, whoever got there first wins. If the recognized first plugged in camera is removed, the one left is now found. That 'active' designation does not change whether either OR both are plugged in to a USB 2 OR 3 port. I have tested between those choices. The 2nd plugged in one is always the software unseen camera.
I can state that some other different type just as old USB cameras will not work at all on this system. They also do not show up under devices so I safely discount them.
The computer hardware did not change. That really puts the ball in the software/operating system court.
A reasonable possibility is that OS software or drivers got fussier or more exclusive in their behavior.
It also occurred to me that a change in the Registry could make the 2 cameras appear more separate if their presumably too much alike-ness is the real catch here after the RE-install of Windows 10 Home.
Maybe someone has explored further and found an answer.