Hi Aiko,
It's likely that the operating system has lost contact with the physical High Definition Audio controller that sits on the motherboard, without that controller in place the Realtek driver has nothing to attach to. The most direct way to restore the link is to force the firmware and Windows to re-enumerate the audio bus.
Begin by shutting the computer completely down, switching the power-supply rocker to Off or unplugging the cord, then hold the power button for ten seconds to drain any residual charge. Power up again and enter the firmware setup (usually by tapping Del or F2). Inside the firmware locate the setting often labelled "Onboard Audio", "HD Audio", or "Azalia". Make sure it is set to Enabled. If it already shows Enabled, toggle it to Disabled, save and let the machine restart straight back into the firmware, switch it to Enabled again, save and exit. This forces the board to re-initialise the codec.
Once Windows is running, open Device Manager, choose View > Show hidden devices, and remove every greyed-out entry named "High Definition Audio Controller" under System Devices and any greyed "Realtek High Definition Audio" under Sound, Video and Game Controllers, selecting "Uninstall device" and ticking the option to delete driver software each time.
When nothing remains, stay in Device Manager and choose Action > Scan for hardware changes. If the controller is healthy it should reappear within a few seconds and Windows will attach its own generic driver. Wait until the yellow triangle (if any) clears, then run the Realtek installer downloaded from your PC or motherboard manufacturer and reboot.
If after the scan no "High Definition Audio Controller" resurfaces under System Devices, the Realtek codec chip is no longer detectable at the electrical level. In that case an inexpensive external USB audio interface is the quickest permanent remedy.