Hello, Matt
Welcome to Microsoft Community.
Sometimes, user profiles can become corrupted, leading to issues with the taskbar. Creating a new user profile can help determine if the problem is specific to the current user profile: How to manage user accounts in Windows - Microsoft Support
The System File Checker (SFC) scans for and restores corrupt Windows system files. This can fix issues caused by corrupted system files that might be preventing apps from opening: How to use System File Checker in Windows - Microsoft Support
I also recommend trying a clean boot which starts Windows with a minimal set of drivers and startup programs. It can be used to determine whether a background service or program is interfering with the taskbar. These steps might look complicated at first glance. However, to avoid any trouble, please follow them in order and step-by-step: How to perform a clean boot in Windows - Microsoft Support
Outdated or corrupted graphics drivers can cause display issues as well. Update your drivers through the manufacturer's website (Nvidia, AMD, Intel...)
If the above steps don’t resolve the issue, reinstalling Windows can be a last resort. This will reset the system to its default state, potentially fixing any deep-rooted issues. Remember to back up your files in advance, just in case: How to reinstall Windows - Microsoft Support
Yuhao L
Microsoft Community Technical Support