When this occurred to me, I was able to get it to stop by un-linking my Microsoft Account from my computer, then restarting, then linking it again. A bit of a chore but it only took 2 minutes. Here's what I did:
Open Settings and go to Accounts.
Click the "Sign in with a local account instead" option
Follow the series of prompts until done.
Restart the computer
Go back to the same place and this time, choose Sign in with a Microsoft account