Hi,
Thanks for your post in Microsoft Community.
I understand that you have encountered the problem that Windows defender cannot be updated with error code 80070057.
We checked the relevant information, and the problem pointed to the corruption of the Windows image file.
You can run Power Shell as administrator (you can find it by pressing Win+X) and run the following command:
DISM/Online /Cleanup-image /Scanhealth
DISM/Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
Sfc /scannow
After executing the command restart the computer and try to update Windows defender again.
If the update still fails and the same error is displayed, you can try to perform an overwrite installation using the Windows image file.
Mirror file download address: Download Windows 10 (microsoft.com)
This process will not affect your data and programs. This is not a reinstallation and reset of the system, but a repair process. It won't waste you a lot of time.
Sometimes the Windows version may not be the latest after the image file is overwritten and installed. Please update Windows first.
In addition, if your computer is using a special version such as the education version provided by the school or the enterprise version provided by the enterprise, please contact the administrator to provide the image file and installation permissions.
Please feel free to let me know how it goes.
Kirk | Microsoft Community Support Specialist
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