I had the same issue AND I FOUND HOW TO FIX IT!
I was so angry this was the only page 100% describing my problem without a fix, but I found it my self :)
For all of you having the same issue - Android 11 requires some lines in the app manifest in order to be able to read the browsers installed that supports custom tabs.
In order to do that you need to put the following in your AndroidManifest.xml file:
<manifest ...>
<queries>
...
<intent>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
<data android:scheme="https" />
</intent>
<intent>
<action android:name="android.support.customtabs.action.CustomTabsService" />
</intent>
...
</queries>
...
</manifest>
This can be see in this manifest file:
https://github.com/AzureAD/microsoft-authentication-library-common-for-android/blob/614c06eb8210069af6d089e6c97e79fb5c8cffb3/common/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
Beers are more than welcome :)
Best regards,
Anton Polimenov