Managing sound and video settings during Teams meetings and calls for optimal communication
We had the same issue. When on a mac running Catalina and also having ESET (antivirus) installed we could not answer calls. Once we removed ESET (coincidentally) and replaced with another AV Teams on Mac worked.
So perhaps turn off your AV and see if it is blocking either a port/connection/process (since the OS needs to record the screen/logging) which might dis-enable answering the teams call.