Hi Riiko vesajoona Salonen,
Thanks for your detailed description in this problem. Based on my tests, I can export the points of students assignments. The results is shown in the screenshot below:

If you cannot see the points after exporting the data. I’d like to confirm if you can see the point in the Teams app. See below:

If so, I suggest you try to clear the cache of the Teams app and check if the issue persists.
To delete the caches, please go to File Explorer and type %appdata%\Microsoft\teams. Then delete the following files. As a side note, you can move the files to another place to avoid the data loss.
a. In Application Cache > Cache folder, delete all files in it.
b. In Blob_storage folder, delete all files.
c. In Cache folder, delete all files.
d. In databases folder, delete all files.
e. In GPUCache folder, delete all files.
f. In IndexedDB folder, delete the .db file.
g. In Local Storage folder, delete all files.
h. In tmp folder, delete all files.
In addition, please log into Microsoft Teams web version and check if the issue persists.
Best Regards,
Huni