Hi JeffRussell37,
Thank you for the posting in our forum community.
Regarding your description, currently, there is no way to set "Current Folder" to work as the default for the Inbox.
For searching only Inbox email item, if we have set up default setting in Options to be "Current Folder", we can search email message of Inbox folder with help of selecting Inbox folder > click on Search bar > either we can search with “From” (sender name) or “Subject” (subject line of email message”.
If we have selected “Current folder” option, we can only get search result from that current folder only and we cannot get other folder search result with in Inbox.
Also, if we want another folders result within Inbox, we can get message conversation within Inbox folder.
For that, kindly select “Show as Conversation” option under “View” option in Outlook.
Here is the screenshot for the reference:
On the other hand, if the above information cannot meet your requirement regarding search feature in Outlook, for building up such kind of feature in Outlook, kindly give your feedback and also share your experience about this product feature via our UserVoice service: https://outlook.uservoice.com/forums/322590-outlook-2016-for-windows. Because, our dedicated engineers are keeping monitoring customers’ vote, feedback and experience here in our UserVoice service, some features would be added into the product based on customers’ feedback, vote and experience in the future, your good and interesting ideas will be very helpful for them to improve the product.
I'm highly appreciating your cooperation in our Microsoft Community.
Regards,
Darpan