Hi Nirun Lumlerdluksanachai,
Glad to help you here.
According to your description, the outlook found a problem with your file and it comes from unreliable or unknown sources. In this case, opening the file in Protected View helps protect your computer.
Please try to enable Protected View for Outlook attachments in Excel. Go to File > Options > Trust Center > Trust Center Settings > Protected View > check Enable Protected View for Outlook Attachments. Then see whether the Opening Mail Attachment dialog box will come out again.
If it is not working, there is another possibility that some Add-in may cause the problem. To figure it out, you should disable the add-ins one by one in Outlook then test.
Regards,
Grace