Using classic Outlook for Windows in business environments
The only one you really need is the Exchange addin - it processes meeting requests.
But you will need VBA if you use macros.
Besides those two - OneNote is used if you want to send Outlook items to OneNote and are not using an outlook.com or Office 365 mailbox. If you use Outlook.com or office 365 mailbox, an office addin is installed and used instead of the OneNote com addin.
Outlook social connector is no longer used, skype is not used either. They can be disabled.
Do the other office apps work ok?
I think you might need to install office for your user, not for all users to avoid always using admin mode.