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Per my research, this error message is not related to limited rows, when you have more than 20000 rows, you will receive an error message “This table exceeds the maximum number of supported rows“:
For your issue, please check if you have Date column in excel table, which may prevent the workbook from being converted, remove some 'Date' data from select rows to compare the result.
You could also switch to another browser to check the result.
Similar issue for your reference:
More information about "How to import an Excel spreadsheet to a SharePoint custom list":
https://sharepointmaven.com/how-to-import-an-excel-spreadsheet-to-a-sharepoint-custom-list/
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