Hello,
Just to confirm, I'm not using webmail, I am using the desktop Outlook, specifically Version 2308 (Build 16731.20170 Click-to-run).
I have run some more tests using two different accounts on my Outlook:
Test 1- Sent using my personal outlook.com account, no signature, one inline image in the message body. JavaScript was added in by Outlook.
Test 2 - Sent using my personal outlook.com account, no signature, no inline images, just the word "test". NO JavaScript present in the message source.
Test 3 - Sent using my business Google Workspace account, with signature that contains an image. JavaScript was added in by Outlook.
Test 4 - Sent using my business Google Workspace account, no signature, just the word "Test". NO JavaScript added.
It seems it's a feature in a recent/2023 release of Outlook as this was not an issue in December 2022 when I had last checked our email delivarbility, so if you are to run tests, please do so using the very latest version of Outlook 365 desktop.
Many thanks!