No, this Windows Print Spooler Remote Code Execution Vulnerability can’t be installed on Windows 10 Pro 1709, 1809 and 1909. Your test has proved this point.
From Microsoft Security Vulnerability document, we can see that:
UPDATE July 7, 2021: The security update for Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2016 and Windows 10, Version 1607 have been released.
All versions of Windows are vulnerable. As of July 7, 2021, Microsoft has released security updates for this vulnerability for all supported versions of Windows listed in the security updates table in this CVE.
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-34527
As we know, Windows 10 Pro Version 1909 end of support on 05/11/2021, Version 1809 end of support on 11/10/2020 and Version 1709 end of support on 04/09/2019. So all of them no longer belong to supported versions of Windows, can’t install the PrintNightmare CVE-2021-34527.
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