While on the outside I can delete and re-add my email account to the phone.
By this, do you mean the email account can be successfully added to the mobile phone but you cannot send or receive messages?
How about the old messages? Are they synced to the mobile phone?
Any error messages when this issue occurs?
Please run the commend below to check the external url for Exchange Active Sync and make sure a valid public DNS record is configured for the host name included in the url:
Get-ActiveSyncVirtualDirectory | fl externalurl
You can also go through the guidance generated by the Exchange Deployment Assistant and check the instructions in the "Configure DNS records" section to see if you have missed anything in your configuration.
Furthermore, it's suggested to run a Exchange ActiveSync test using the Microsoft Remote Connectivity Analyzer tool and see if we can get any clues for this issue.
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