@Balaji As per the error message and client ID that you have shared it looks like the Logic app uploaded the first chunk. From here, connector is unable to find that partial file created by the first request. This signifies that some other service is managing the SFTP server folder and probably deleting the partial files created as part of the chunked transfer mode.
I have tested the same at my end for the SFTP server created using this script (creating SFTP server on azure) and couldn't observe any issue while uploading the file greater than 15 MB (tested with 49 MB file). This looks like the issue at your SFTP server end where the chunk file created are deleted/removed there and the next request gives the 400 error.
I will suggest you to change the "Infer content type" to No and see if it helps you. If not then the suggested to verify whether your SFTP server folder is not locked by other service or retry with a new folder?