You'll find an example of how to electively carry forward values from a newly entered record, either in the current session of a form only, or in subsequent sessions also until cancelled, as Defaults.zip in my public databases folder at:
https://onedrive.live.com/?cid=44CC60D7FEA42912&id=44CC60D7FEA42912!169
Note that if you are using an earlier version of Access you might find that the colour of some form objects such as buttons shows incorrectly and you will need to amend the form design accordingly.
If you have difficulty opening the link copy its text (NB, not the link location) and paste it into your browser's address bar.
However, as Scott points out, the fact that you are having to carry forward values in so many columns points to your table, in all probability, not being correctly normalized, and consequently at risk of update anomalies.