A family of Microsoft relational database management systems designed for ease of use.
I'm not so sure that Excel is the better tool. What you are describing sounds like a relational database where there are child tables related to a main table. While your description of a table within a table is not the best way to express it, it does sound like you are talking about related tables.
Saying that, I don't think your database is designed properly. It sounds like you are encoding data using field names, which is not good design. I would suggest that, before you go any further, you do some research and try to understand the principles of normalization. After that, if you need more help designing your tables, come back and describe the data you are collecting.