Additional SQL Server features and topics not covered by specific categories
You are only disabling it for one database, so it still in force for other databases.
Furthermore, the Docs say:
Starting with SQL Server 2016 (13.x) SP1, the standard query execution statistics profiling infrastructure exists side-by-side with a lightweight query execution statistics profiling infrastructure. SET STATISTICS XML ON and SET STATISTICS PROFILE ON always use the standard query execution statistics profiling infrastructure. For sys.dm_exec_query_profiles to be populated, one of the query profiling infrastructures must be enabled. For more information, see Query Profiling Infrastructure.
So if a process has issued commands to display query plan or Live query plan, the DMV will also be populated.