Aside from your programming errors, the values in range A1:A10 are not going to change, so your loop would never end.
You need to increment something that will change, either an index or a cell reference within your loop. Also, While should go first, and it needs a Wend, along the lines of
Sub TestMacro()
While Range("A1").Value < 11
Range("A1").Value = Range("A1").Value + 1
Wend
End Sub
See how the value is being changed? That allows the code to get out of the loop
For an index, you can either use While or a For loop - the for loop is much preferred since you don't need to change the index with a separate line - also, you need a conditional (the problem statement use IF meaning sometimes you should and sometimes you should not make the number bold and italic.
Using While:
Row = 1
While Row <=10
'Code to do something using Row, like Cells(Row,"A").Value
Row = Row +1 'This will break you out of the loop
Wend
Using For:
For Row = 1 To 10
'Code to do something using Row, like Cells(Row,"A").Value
Next Row
Using Selection:
Range("A1").Select
While Selection.Row <= 10
'Code to do something using Selection
Selection.Offset(1,0).Select
Wend