Hey everyone,
For you guys that have the same problem with same circumstances (Office 365 license from an education institution) you could fix this if you have pre installed the Excel prior to your new education institution license. I had Excel 2019 when the Data Types isn't showing and i had tried the Excel Web version and it showed.
In my case , first thing that i did was uninstalling every office version in my computer and reinstalled it through here https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/download-and-install-or-reinstall-microsoft-365-or-office-2021-on-a-pc-or-mac-4414eaaf-0478-48be-9c42-23adc4716658
Second, i restarted my PC and opened my Excel, and i noticed that the loading tab for Excel changed from Excel 2019 to Excel Microsoft 365, and when you got into Excel, there is a little autosave widget on the right hand corner that could be toggled. If these are both shown, then most likely the Data Types would appear. If it doesn't appear, you could check in the ribbon customization tab https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/msoffice/forum/all/data-type-missing-in-excel-office-365-business/47a4d8ec-eac0-4d7d-ac63-b3717d1f8949 .
I know its frustrating and i hope it helps!