A family of Microsoft presentation graphics products that offer tools for creating presentations and adding graphic effects like multimedia objects and special effects with text.
After additional work with Powerpoint on my Mac, I have concluded that the problem is not with the Powerpoint application but with the graphic, which apparently has an auto-compress feature that causes PowerPoint to compress all graphic files. I do not have the compression problem when using any other graphic files in Powerpoint. For the single problem PDF graphic file I am able to import it, mark it up, and print the markerd-up page, but the fraphic becomes compressed as soon as I save it, so on opening the saved PPT file the graphic is degraded a bit, and the image (and others in that file) become increasingly distorted each time the file is modified (by adding other images and/or markups) and saved.
PROBLEM SOLVED!
Now that I understand the nature of such infected PDF files I can isolate them to individual sacrificial PPT files rather than including other images that could suffer collateral damage. I thank the several people who made helpful suggestions (on answers.microsoft.com) that did not work because we had not suspected that the true cause was the importation of an infected (booby-trapped?) PDF file. We live and learn.