Hello Andrea,
Sorry to hear that you are experiencing some issues with your Microsoft Apps and syncing them to your phone. I would be happy to provide some possible solutions, but I may need more information if these steps do not resolve the issue.
I've gathered a useful article to help assist in some solutions as well. Importantly your Outlook calendar will not show up on your phone unless they are added through an account that has been synced to Outlook. Can't sync calendar and contacts with my phone or tablet (microsoft.com)
(Adding events to the iPhone calendar requires syncing them to the iCloud account and then your iCloud to the outlook app Use iCloud for Windows to synchronize mail, calendar, and contacts with Outlook (microsoft.com))
Which brand of Phone are you using?
Regarding your Teams app, you may want to start troubleshooting by restarting your phone, and updating Teams app. If that is unsuccessful, then please reinstall the Teams app.
Please keep me updated!