A family of Microsoft relational database management systems designed for ease of use.
I'm sorry. I no of now definitive guide for Dataverse and Access. It's too new, for one thing.
You're probably not going to find equivalents for stored procs, although you probably can define objects similar to views. I haven't tried that.
I've not seen ADO for Dataverse yet.
The best resources I know are probably YouTube videos such as this one.
Although not Access related, there isa lot of documentation on Dataverseyou might find useful.