A Microsoft file hosting and synchronization service.
Dear Pieter,
Welcome to the forum here.
May I know whether you get the same error message when you log into other Office applications like Word, Excel and so on?
If you log into the cloud OneDrive for Business site with your account, what's the result?
May I know whether the issue occurs suddenly? Can you log into the OneDrive sync client before or whether you log into it the first time?
If it is convenient, I suggest you reset OneDrive via the steps in Reset OneDrive - Microsoft Support, restart the computer and do a test to check the outcome.
Based on the article Microsoft 365 Apps activation error 0xCAA50021 - Microsoft 365 Apps | Microsoft Learn, the error message may also be related to the device join. I suggest you check and try the ways mentioned in the article to see the result.
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Welcome to share any updates at your convenience if you need further help on this issue.
Thank you for your time and effort.
Sincerely
Cliff | Microsoft Community Moderator