Accessing Microsoft Teams Free using personal or organizational credentials
Hi Giulia, thanks for posting here in the Microsoft community, you’re getting an "Access Denied" error in the Teams desktop app because one of your guest organizations likely has a disabled Microsoft Information Protection API, which blocks login, what you can do.
First, Ask the admin of the guest organization to then Go to Microsoft Entra Admin Center then open Enterprise Applications then Filter for Hidden apps then Find Microsoft Information Protection API (App ID: 40775b29-2688-46b6-a3b5-b256bd04df9f) after that Set “Users can log in” to Yes then Save and exit.
Once done, restart Teams and try logging in again.
Also, you can try using the SharePoint-to-Teams browser trick you mentioned then Try logging in via another guest org (if available) and use the mobile app for meetings.
I hope this helps you out, let me know
Chard