Yes, this is an issue that is occurring in Safari 15 (on any platform: iOS, iPadOS, macOS) due to that "Experimental Feature" being enabled.
With the release of iOS 15.2 Beta 4 now out, it appears that it will not be resolved soon (i.e., NSUrlSession disabled by default.)
There are anecdotal reports of other potential solutions but the only consistent one appears to be turning off the NSUrlSession WebSocket option.
Edit 1: The messages that we are sending (and are failing in Safari 15) are less than 25 bytes.