Even without having the devices enrolled in Intune, you'll get certain benefits. These are listed specifically on this page. You will basically get these features:
Key capabilities
- SSO to both cloud and on-premises resources
- Conditional Access through Domain join or through Intune if co-managed
- Self-service Password Reset and Windows Hello PIN reset on lock screen
- Enterprise State Roaming across devices
Obviously by extending it with Microsoft Endpoint Manager/Intune you'll get even far greater control over these devices, but there's nothing stopping you from setting this up already to leverage things like SSO, SSPR etc.