Using classic Outlook for Windows in business environments
For classic Outlook, you need to make sure that every folder among the path to the subfolder in question has been shared with FolderVisible permissions. For example, if you shared a folder named "blabla" under Inbox, the full path will look something like ******@domain.com/Inbox/blabla. Both the Inbox folder and the "root" one (aka the one with your address stamped) need to be accessible in order for the subfolder to be accessible. In other words, open the properties for both Inbox and the root folder, and make sure the FolderVisible permission is ticked for the user in question, or on the Default entry.
If you need more details/step by step instructions, here's a sample article that covers them: https://robert365.com/article/access-or-share-non-default-outlook-folders