Hi azzman
Since the issue started immediately after moving the drive from USB to SATA, a startup item, scheduled task, or background application may be trying to launch from an invalid path. In Windows 10, check Task Manager > Startup, Task Scheduler, and the Startup folder for any entries related to that drive.
You can also run Microsoft Sysinternals Autoruns to identify startup items that point to missing or broken locations. If possible, post a screenshot of the error message or check Event Viewer > Windows Logs > Application for an error logged when the popup appears, as that may reveal which application is failing to open.
Feel free to update here if anything comes up!