I assume the folder is on the web server. the server could cache a listing of the folder, and use a file watcher to add/ remove files from the cache. you will want to implement a virtual scrolling for the client display.
to display an png, you just render an <img> with the source set to the image url. for the pdf you have a couple choices
1) render an anchor with target="_blank" and the href the pdf url. then use javascript interop to click the anchor.
2) use the <embed>, <object> or <iframe>. common to use <object> and fallback to an <iframe>
3) use a javascript pdf viewer like pdf.js (code used by Firefox). again you can use javascript interop to load the image. I'd probably have pdf.js do the download rather than blazor, as you would get better performance. the viewer just uses a canvas which your blazor code could render.